Msika wa njinga ku America ukulamulidwa ndi mitundu inayi ikuluikulu, yomwe ndimaitcha kuti inayi yapamwamba: Trek, Specialized, Giant ndi Cannondale, malinga ndi kukula kwake. Pamodzi, mitundu iyi imapezeka m'masitolo opitilira theka la njinga ku United States, ndipo mwina ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri la malonda atsopano a njinga mdzikolo.
Monga ndanenera kale m'nkhaniyi, vuto lalikulu kwa membala aliyense wa Quadumvirate ndikudzisiyanitsa ndi mamembala ena atatu. M'magulu akuluakulu monga njinga, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa masitolo ogulitsa kukhala cholinga chachikulu chosiyanitsa. (Onani mawu am'munsi: Kodi sitolo ya ogulitsa ndi sitolo yeniyeni ya njinga?)
Koma ngati ogulitsa njinga odziyimira pawokha ali ndi tanthauzo lililonse, amakhala odziyimira pawokha. Pakulimbana kwa ulamuliro wa mtundu wa malonda m'sitolo, njira yokhayo yomwe ogulitsa amawongolera zinthu zawo, zowonetsera, ndi malonda awo ndikulimbitsa ulamuliro wawo pa malo ogulitsira okha.
M'zaka za m'ma 2000, izi zinapangitsa kuti pakhale malo ogulitsira zinthu zosiyanasiyana, malo ogulitsira omwe amaperekedwa makamaka ku kampani imodzi. Pofuna kusinthana ndi malo osungiramo zinthu monga zowonetsera, zizindikiro ndi zinthu zina, ogulitsa amapereka chithandizo cha ndalama kwa ogulitsa ndi mwayi wopeza zinthu zotsatsa zamkati.
Kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2000, Trek, Specialized, ndi Giant zakhala zikugwira ntchito m'makampani ogulitsa ku United States ndi padziko lonse lapansi. Koma kuyambira cha m'ma 2015, pamene m'badwo wa ogulitsa omwe adawonekera panthawi ya kukwera kwa njinga ndi njinga zamapiri unayandikira zaka zawo zopuma pantchito, Trek yakhala ikufunafuna kwambiri umwini.
Chosangalatsa n'chakuti, membala aliyense wa Quadumvirate amatsata njira zosiyanasiyana pankhani ya umwini wa malonda. Ndinalankhula ndi akuluakulu a osewera anayi akuluakulu kuti ndiwapatse ndemanga ndi kusanthula.
"Mu malonda ogulitsa, timakhulupirira kuti kukhala ndi tsogolo labwino ndi bizinesi yabwino kwambiri. Kwa nthawi yayitali takhala tikudzipereka kuti tigwiritse ntchito ndalama zathu kuti ogulitsa athu apambane, ndipo zomwe takumana nazo pogulitsa zatithandiza kukulitsa ndikuwongolera khama lathu."
Uwu ndi nkhani ya Eric Bjorling, Mtsogoleri wa Zamalonda ndi Maubwenzi a Anthu ku Trek. Kwa Trek, sitolo yogulitsa njinga ya kampaniyi ndi gawo limodzi chabe la njira yayikulu yopezera chipambano m'malonda onse.
Ndinalankhula ndi Roger Ray Bird, yemwe anali mkulu wa sitolo yogulitsa zinthu ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana ya Trek kuyambira kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2004 mpaka 2015, pankhaniyi.
“Sitimanga netiweki yonse ya masitolo ogulitsa a kampaniyi monga momwe timachitira pano,” anandiuza.
Bird adapitiliza kuti, “John Burke ankanena kuti tikufuna ogulitsa odziyimira pawokha m'malo mwa ife kuti aziyendetsa masitolo m'misika yawo chifukwa iwo amatha kuchita bwino kuposa ife. (Koma pambuyo pake) adatembenukira ku umwini wonse chifukwa amafuna chidziwitso chokhazikika cha mtundu, chidziwitso cha makasitomala, chidziwitso cha malonda, ndi mitundu yonse ya zinthu zomwe ogula m'masitolo osiyanasiyana amapeza.”
Chomwe sichingalephereke ndichakuti Trek pakadali pano ndiye imayendetsa unyolo waukulu kwambiri wa njinga ku United States, ngati si unyolo waukulu kwambiri m'mbiri yamakampaniwa.
Ponena za masitolo osiyanasiyana, kodi Trek ili ndi masitolo angati pakadali pano? Ndinafunsa Eric Bjorling funso ili.
“Zili ngati malonda athu ndi zambiri zachuma,” anandiuza kudzera pa imelo. “Monga kampani yachinsinsi, sititulutsa zambirizi poyera.”
Zabwino kwambiri. Koma malinga ndi ofufuza a BRAIN, Trek yalengeza poyera kugula malo atsopano pafupifupi 54 aku US patsamba lawebusayiti la ogulitsa njinga m'zaka khumi zapitazi. Yalengezanso kuti pali malo ena 40 omwe alibe anthu, zomwe zapangitsa kuti masitolo onse akhale osachepera 94.
Onjezani izi ku malo opezera ogulitsa a Trek. Malinga ndi deta ya George Data Services, imalemba malo 203 omwe ali ndi dzina la sitolo ya Trek. Tikhoza kuyerekeza kuti chiwerengero chonse cha masitolo a Trek omwe ali ndi kampaniyo chili pakati pa 1 ndi 200. pakati pa.
Chofunika si chiwerengero chenicheni, koma mfundo yosapeŵeka: Trek pakadali pano ndiye imayendetsa unyolo waukulu kwambiri wa njinga ku United States, ngati si unyolo waukulu kwambiri m'mbiri ya makampaniwa.
Mwina poyankha kugula kwa Trek m'masitolo ambiri posachedwapa (ma chain a Goodale's (NH) ndi Bicycle Sports Shop (TX) anali ogulitsa Specialized asanagulidwe), Jesse Porter, Mtsogoleri wa Sales and Business Development wa Specialized USA, adalembera kalata ku Specialized Distributors1. Idzatulutsidwa mdziko lonse pa 15.
Ngati mukuganiza zosiya bizinesi yanu, kuyika ndalama, kutuluka kapena kusamutsa umwini, tili ndi njira zomwe mungakondere???? Kuyambira pa ndalama zaukadaulo kapena umwini wachindunji mpaka kuthandizira kuzindikira osunga ndalama am'deralo kapena am'deralo, tikufuna kuwonetsetsa kuti dera lomwe mukugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti mukulipange ndi lokhazikika. Pezani zinthu ndi ntchito zomwe akuyembekezera popanda kusokonezedwa.
Potsatira malangizo kudzera pa imelo, Porter adatsimikiza kuti pali kale masitolo ambiri apadera. "Takhala ndi makampani ogulitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito ku United States kwa zaka zoposa 10," adandiuza, "kuphatikizapo masitolo ku Santa Monica ndi Costa Mesa. Kuphatikiza apo, tili ndi zokumana nazo ku Boulder ndi Santa Cruz. "
â???? Tikufunafuna mwachangu mwayi wamsika, womwe mbali yake ndikuwonetsetsa kuti okwera ndi madera omwe timawatumikira amalandira chithandizo chosalekeza. â?????â???? Jesse Porter, katswiri
Atafunsidwa za mapulani a kampaniyo opeza ogulitsa ambiri, Porter anati: “Pakadali pano tikukambirana ndi ogulitsa ambiri kuti tikambirane za mapulani awo olowa m'malo. Tikuyandikira ntchitoyi ndi maganizo otseguka, osati kuganiza zopeza chiwerengero cha masitolo omwe tikufuna.” Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, “Tikufunafuna mwachangu mwayi wamsika, womwe mbali yake ndikuwonetsetsa kuti okwera njinga ndi madera omwe timawatumikira alandira chithandizo chosalekeza.”
Chifukwa chake, Specialized ikuwoneka kuti ikukula bizinesi yogula ogulitsa mozama kwambiri momwe ikufunira, mwina kuti iteteze kapena kukulitsa malo ake m'misika yayikulu.
Kenako, ndinalankhula ndi John “JT” Thompson, manejala wamkulu wa Giant USA. Atafunsidwa za umwini wa sitolo, iye anatsimikiza mtima.
“Sitili mu masewera a umwini wa ogulitsa, inde!” anandiuza potumiza imelo. “Tili ndi masitolo onse a kampani ku United States, kotero tikudziwa bwino za vutoli. Kudzera mu zomwe takumana nazo, tinaphunzira tsiku ndi tsiku kuti) kuyendetsa masitolo ogulitsa si ntchito yathu yapadera.
“Tatsimikiza kuti njira yathu yabwino yofikira ogula ndi kudzera m'masitolo aluso komanso amphamvu,” anapitiliza Thompson. “Monga njira yamalonda, tinasiya kukhala ndi sitolo pamene tinkapanga njira zothandizira ogulitsa. Sitikukhulupirira kuti masitolo amakampani ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yosinthira malo ogulitsira ku United States. Chikondi ndi chidziwitso cha m'deralo ndizo zolinga zazikulu za nkhani ya kupambana kwa sitolo. Pangani zochitika zabwino pamene mukumanga ubale wa nthawi yayitali ndi makasitomala.”
Pomaliza, Thompson anati: “Sitipikisana ndi ogulitsa athu mwanjira iliyonse. Onse ndi odziyimira pawokha. Iyi ndi njira yachibadwa ya kampani yomwe imayang'aniridwa ndi anthu ochokera m'malo ogulitsira. Ogulitsa ndi omwe ali ambiri mumakampani awa. Kwa anthu ogwira ntchito molimbika, ngati tingapangitse miyoyo yawo kukhala yovuta pang'ono komanso yopindulitsa pang'ono, zimenezo zingakhale zabwino kwambiri m'malingaliro athu.”
Pomaliza, ndinakambirana nkhani ya umwini wa malo ogulitsira ndi Nick Hage, Woyang'anira Wamkulu wa Cannondale North America ndi Japan.
Cannondale kale anali ndi masitolo atatu a kampani; awiri ku Boston ndi limodzi ku Long Island. "Tinali nawo kwa zaka zingapo zokha, ndipo tinawatseka zaka zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazo," adatero Hage.
Cannondale yapeza gawo pamsika m'zaka zitatu zapitazi pamene ogulitsa ambiri akusiya njira yogulitsira ya kampani imodzi.
“Tilibe mapulani olowa mu bizinesi yogulitsa (kachiwiri),” iye anandiuza mu kuyankhulana kwa kanema. “Tikudziperekabe kugwira ntchito ndi ogulitsa apamwamba omwe amathandizira ma portfolio amitundu yambiri, amapereka chithandizo chabwino kwa makasitomala, komanso kuthandiza kumanga njinga m'dera lathu. Iyi ikadali njira yathu yanthawi yayitali.
“Ogulitsa akhala akutiuza mobwerezabwereza kuti sakufuna kupikisana ndi ogulitsa, komanso sakufuna kuti ogulitsa azilamulira bizinesi yawo mopitirira muyeso,” anatero Hager. “Pamene ogulitsa ambiri akusiya njira ya kampani imodzi, gawo la msika la Cannondale lakula m'zaka zitatu zapitazi, ndipo chaka chatha, ogulitsa sanathe kuyika mazira awo onse m'dengu la ogulitsa amodzi. Tikuwona izi. “Iyi ndi mwayi waukulu wopitiliza kusewera gawo lotsogola ndi ogulitsa odziyimira pawokha. IBD sidzatha, ogulitsa abwino adzangolimba.”
Kuyambira pamene kukwera kwa njinga kunatha mu 1977, unyolo wogulitsa zinthu wakhala mu nthawi yosokonezeka kwambiri kuposa momwe taonera. Makampani anayi otsogola a njinga akugwiritsa ntchito njira zinayi zosiyana zamtsogolo zogulitsira njinga.
Pomaliza, kusamukira ku masitolo a ogulitsa sikwabwino kapena koipa. Umu ndi momwe zilili, msika udzatsimikizira ngati zikuyenda bwino.
Koma ichi ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Popeza maoda azinthu akuwonjezeredwa mpaka chaka cha 2022, ogulitsa sadzatha kugwiritsa ntchito buku la cheke povota m'masitolo a kampaniyo, ngakhale atafuna. Nthawi yomweyo, ogulitsa omwe ali panjira yogulitsira akhoza kupitirizabe kusalangidwa, pomwe omwe amangotsatira njira imeneyi amavutika kupeza gawo pamsika, chifukwa ndalama zomwe ogulitsa amagula poyera alonjeza kugwirizana ndi ogulitsa awo omwe alipo. Mwanjira ina, chizolowezi cha masitolo omwe ali ndi ogulitsa chidzapitirirabe, ndipo palibe kutsutsa kuchokera kwa ogulitsa (ngati alipo) komwe kudzamvedwe m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi.